Effective Communication Essays - 1717 Words

If you or a loved one has ever experienced an affliction that involves a hospital stay, you know that the hospital setting can be a very frightening experience. When a hospitalization is involved, it is not uncommon to feel as though you have lost all control. It is a setting where people feel helpless and immobile, while having no idea what is in store for their near future. Many patients, especially elderly people, upon admission to a hospital, will experience disorientation in their new environment and may become uncooperative (Grace.) This is when effective communication is needed the most. During the summer months, I spend forty hours a week working at the Faxton-St. Lukes Health center. I am a care attendant in the†¦show more content†¦High quality communication depends on skill behaviors and knowledge of the task at hand. Many hospital workers do not exert the proper vitality that is needed to be a successful communicator. Most take advantage of the naà ¯ve and vuln erable patients and think they can get away with putting less effort into an interaction. What we DO depends on what we KNOW. Arguably the most critical component to high quality communication is attitude. Starting with affect I can make reference to how my attitude can impact my communication in the hospital. This is the stage in which an individual recognizes the significance or value of the communication opportunity that is being presented. Being a Care Attendant, the first thing a patient notices is your attitude. In most scenarios, the patient is not going to have a blissful attitude. That makes it even more important for me to walk into that room with a positive outlook on the situation. Many patients will even act hostile or unkind towards me as I greet them. I need to check my ego at the door and maintain an affirmative approach to the task at hand. It is sometimes difficult to not let emotions interfere with this initial process. If I were to act uncaring and mean towards t he patient as I first greeted them, that would send a negative message and I would be representing everyone in the surgery unit in a negative manner. However, if we as communicators can consciouslyShow MoreRelatedCommunication : Effective And Effective Communication818 Words   |  4 PagesEffective communication is an extremely important piece in a business organization. Not only does effective communication increase work flow it also enhances and keeps good morale in the workplace. In effective communication has the reverse effect and can be an anchor on production and workplace morale. According to Rogers,† Communication failures may occur when information is not clear or to complex, which causes problems with information recall. When too much information is given at once, incompleteRead MoreEffective Communication1085 Words   |  5 PagesEffective communication Communication is primarily an exchange of information, ideas, or thoughts. This paper will focus on the process of verbal and nonverbal communication as well as the components of each. It outline the formal and informal channels of criminal channels. This paper will also list the different barriers to effective communication within a criminal justice organization. Finally it will cover strategies that can be implemented to overcome communication barriers within criminalRead MoreEffective Communication1513 Words   |  7 PagesEffective Communication Bryan Walker CJA/304 Version 4 May 5, 2014 There are many aspects to the communication process. It is necessary to take into consideration the definition of communication. Communication has been defined as a process involving several steps, among two or more persons, for the primary purpose of exchanging information (Wallace, 2009). Communication requires transmitting an idea, sending the idea through a medium, receiving the message, understanding the idea, andRead MoreEffective Communication3193 Words   |  13 PagesCommunication Communication and Effective Communication Khaled Nashaat Mamdouh HROB 501- M9- ID: 7-3691 Dr. Ahmed Amin January, 21st, 2007 A. INTRODUCTION Determining or figuring out the level of importance of communication in any organization or even between people in their daily lives is fairly impractical. No one can ever resolve the significance of communication because it is such a gigantic topic with many different definitions and understandings. Also communication and gainingRead MoreEffective Communication2513 Words   |  11 PagesINTRODUCTION†¦ Communication has existed since the beginning of human beings, but it was not until the 20th century that people began to study the process. As communication technologies developed, so did the theories. Before becoming simply communication, or communication studies, the discipline was formed from three other major studies: psychology, sociology, and anthropology. Psychology is the study of human behaviour, Sociology is the study of society and social process, and anthropologyRead MoreCommunication : An Effective Communication1318 Words   |  6 Pages1 Communication Communication remains a critical aspect of everyday life of all people across the globe, be it in the workplace, family meetings, business activity, or any other initiative that requires human interaction (Varner, 2000). According to the author stated above, communication can be only effective when both parties not only understand each other but also able to comprehend the cultural backgrounds of each other. Such understanding is essential in ensuring effective communication withoutRead MoreCommunication : An Effective Communication919 Words   |  4 PagesCommunication Communication is one of the most essential tools in management, however, effective communication is difficult to achieve when you have 150 direct reports. I rely heavily on the charge nurses, however, they have varied abilities in effectively communicating information to the staff. Consequently, there is often a lack of clarity in the communication complete miscommunication to the staff via the charge nurses. Clearly one of the most efficient ways to communicate important informationRead MoreEffective Communication780 Words   |  3 PagesEffective communication is the process of transferring information or thoughts to someone or a group of people by way of speaking, writing or body language. According to â€Å"Livestron.com† (2014), â€Å"Effective communication extends the concept to require that transmitted content is received and understood by someone in the way it was intended. The goals of effective communication include creating a common perception, changing behavior s and acquiring information† (para. 1). It is important that the personRead MoreEffective Communication And Communication Skills Essay1146 Words   |  5 Pagestogether as a team to collaborate, delegate and consult. In order for this team effort to be effective, good communication skills must exist between medical professionals. Many times, messages can be altered and interpreted differently; if the conditions for transmission barriers develop. External barriers and internal barriers, such as confusion and mental status can hinder effective communication. Communication can be both verbal and nonverbal, and it is important to understand that different culturesRead MoreEffective Communication And The Barriers Of Communication Essay1203 Words   |  5 Pagesstudy of effective communication and the barriers of communication is very important in the workplace in order for the company to be successful. Every person in the business will have to communicate in one form or anothe r. The better the communication in the workplace the better the relationships with each other. In this article I will help you to understand the processes needed in order to have effective communication in the workplace. I will discuss the importance of effective communication, the

Business Strategy of British Airways Free Essays

According to the Annual Report, 2009, the main strategic intent of the BA this year is to become ‘the world’s leading global premium airline’. A few main strategies of British Airways are identified; firstly, BA want to ensure that customers receive unique premium service whenever they fly with BA and no matter where they are, for example, they would like to improve the Terminal 5’s facilities and other lounges in different airports. Secondly, new produced will be launched, such as new aircraft, upgrade long haul’s flight business class seats and redesign First class cabin. We will write a custom essay sample on Business Strategy of British Airways or any similar topic only for you Order Now Lastly, BA wants to work closely with BAA in order to improve baggage and punctuality at Heathrow Airport and to keep up their good reputation among customer, and continue being the leading airline in London (BA Annual Report, 2009). British Airway External Environment Analysis Porter’s Five Forces In order to have a well – planned development of organisation future strategy, it is crucial to analysis the competitions within the industry, which may be threaten to the business. Porter (1980) developed a framework and proposed five forces that may affect the degree of competition with other competitors. These five forces are the threat of new entrants to the industry; the threat of substitute products; the power of buyers or customers; the power of supplier and rivalry among businesses in the industry (Johnson, Scholes, Whittington, 2008). Rivalry among competitors Competitive Rivalry BA is facing a very high competitive rivalry, as recent years, higher competition among the short haul flights, budget airline such as Easyjet and Ryanair have been very popular, the old- established airlines such as Virgin Atlantic and Cathy Pacific have also been in a high market competition, according to Shaw (2004), they almost used the same models of aircrafts. Also the government has a strict control on the frequencies and the timing of the flight slot, and also strict pricing policy. Therefore, reputation of the airlines becomes more important for the customers to be loyal. How to cite Business Strategy of British Airways, Essay examples

Substance Abuse Paper free essay sample

Substance abuse is the abuse of drugs or alcohol for a long period of time. When someone is affected by substance abuse they don’t know how to conduct themselves in public. In America, the most widely used drug is Alcohol. Most people have an experience with alcohol earlier than the age of 13. Alcohol and drugs also affect students in college. 28 percent of college dropouts are alcohol users. Marijuana and prescribed drugs are commonly abused by college students. The abuse of drugs has a terrible effect on college students psychologically and physically. The psychologically effect drugs has on a person tends to be permanent. The main signs of psychological effects of drugs in college students are depression, anxiety and paranoia. With most students the use of a drug increases the tolerance for the drug and it takes larger amounts to get high. When the high is not achievable it can lead to depression. We will write a custom essay sample on Substance Abuse Paper or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Drugs also make students paranoid. The excessive use of marijuana and cocaine can lead make one paranoid. And anxiety occurs when the drug users becomes unable to focus on a task or responsibility for too long without getting distracted. This is also the reason people lose their jobs because of the lack of focus in the work place. The physically effects of drugs are worst because people notice them right away. The most common physical change you notice when someone is under the influence is sudden weight loss or weight gain. You can also notice different sleep patterns, blood shot red eyes, unusual smells on their body or breath and impaired coordination. Students under drug use also show behavioral problems while under drug abuse. The behavioral problems are usually drop in attendance in school, need for extra financial assistance, sudden change in friends/hobbies and getting into trouble/fights. In college, students go through the many phases of pressure. Most people try to do things to feel cool and popular. The people that do try the drugs continue to do it and just get used to the feeling of the drug in their body. Others students try drugs because they are stressed and overwhelmed and they don’t they know any other way to cope but then to get high. Man campuses offer a free counselor that they can talk to help them with their problems. Most college campuses are â€Å"dry campus† and don’t allow alcohol or drugs on campus. When students are caught with these substances there are many different outcomes. Some schools automatically kick the student out and others give the student the opportunity to make it right. I’ve personally have gotten caught smoking marijuana on my college campus. The experience I had to go through wasnt the most pleasant experience. I don’t really have a reason as for why I was smoking marijuana. In my case I was lucky enough not to get kicked out of school and was given a second chance but being put on disciplinary probation. I now know the serious effects of drugs and what and addiction or drug abuse can do to me. Drug abuse affects a lot of college students for a long period of time and I wouldnt want that to happen to me because I know I do have a bright future. My mother didnt send me to college to get caught up in the college life she sent me to school for one reason and that is to get a proper education and make something out of my life. In conclusion, after typing this essay I know that the path of drug abuse is not the path I want to go down. Getting all the facts together and understand what really happens I know that I can’t continue the use of marijuana. I also know that if I feel like that I’m over whelmed and stress there is a school counselor that is more than willing to talk to me and hear what I’m going through and help me make the best decisions for my life.

My Aunt free essay sample

Keandra Young February 6, 2010 English 900 A Positive Influence Significant adjective; important. If there was one person who has made a significant impact in my life, there would be no doubt my aunt LaTania. She is hardworking, always there for me, and has shined throughout all of her struggles. Many people in the world do not have a positive influences and most of them are the ones in trouble. Everyone should have someone like my aunt. As the manager of Source Corp Imaging, she has many responsibilities to uphold. Training all employees, doing payroll, filling out paperwork for different clients that have to go out, holding meetings and speaking publicly, answering difficult questions, and staying late without overtime pay, I would have to say this is true dedication to her Job. This woman works very hard for her company and when I was a summer employee I got a first hand look at what she really did. We will write a custom essay sample on My Aunt or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Every employee has respect for her because she is diligent about her work, and how she interacts with people. This is the one erson, I swear who doesnt complain about all the work she has to do and when I get established in my career I hope I have all her qualities. My aunt LaTania has always been here for me since the day I was born, she treats me as if I was her daughter. When she did have her child, everywhere they went, I was right along with them. We went to amusement parks, go carting, the pool, arcades, the mall, the monster trucks, anywhere that was fun, we went. People always compare her daughter and me, they say that we were switched I act like my aunt and her daughter is Just like my om. We all also look alike so when you see all of us you can tell we are related.. We used to have so much fun. We didnt need friends because we were very close to each other. When I told my family I was pregnant, it seemed like the only person who was there for me in my family was my aunt. She would tell me everything would work out and they were Just shocked and they would get over it. Aunt Toni would make sure I was okay and if I wanted to talk about something we would hop in her truck and Just drive and talk about life or whatever was on my mind. I appreciate her for just always making sure that I was all right. Throughout all her shine, she has had quite a downfall of events also. She thought she had found the man of her dreams, he was the father of her child and the only man she had been with for 18 years. They got married in August 1997 but it didnt last long, they finalized their divorce in early 2009. When they were together around family it was all good but when I would stay over night at their house it was a different story. Always arguing, no positive energy, e gave up on their relationship and she was tired of feeling like she was the one bringing it down. Therefore it was not a healthy way to live and ultimately it had to come to divorce. Now she is very happy with someone new and it shows in her attitude and body language. I am so excited for her and her new life. As a positive somebody. She has been a great role model, a person that everyone should have in their life. I have a great appreciation for everything she has done for me. I thank god I can always go to her for her help and support.

How An Essay Cause And Effect Sample Can Help You Define Your Ideas

How An Essay Cause And Effect Sample Can Help You Define Your IdeasA question that most people will ask about an essay cause and effect sample is whether it is necessary to include this kind of test in the essay writing process. In actuality, this kind of test is very helpful for a student who is studying for their senior year because it will help them develop a stronger understanding of their ideas by evaluating their connections between concepts and theories. The subject can also help you realize how powerful it is when a situation forces you to take a leap of faith, and the whole essay cause and effect sample will bring up memories of those experiences as you study for your next assignment.Some examples of essay cause and effect samples include example prompts like 'the significance of Barney's decision,' 'Harry's chance meeting with josie,' and 'misty's passing encounter with Spencer.' These essays are not used to explain how or why someone made a particular decision, but to show what they did not do to contribute to the decision they made. This form of testing helps a student gain insight into the ability of these decision makers to connect their decision to the external factors that brought about the consequences.The next time you are writing an essay cause and effect sample, try to include an example prompt that includes both first and second person accounts. For example, if you are working on an essay that details the relationship between two people, include a prompt like 'Harry approached spencer as he was talking to Barney.' In this example, Harry is the person who is acting as the subject of the story, while spencer is the person who is the object of the story. This kind of test will help you determine how well you understand the concepts of cause and effect.Think about the concept of the thesis statement. If you can draw on a subject of ideas that were developed through the use of analysis, that is probably a good place to start. There are other que stions on subjects such as 'Had Bill noticed how Jerome took every opportunity to make sure he got his fair share of the cooking business, he might have chosen not to work with that coworker,' and 'had Marge been thinking rationally, she might have avoided becoming entangled in the dating scandals that rocked the marriage.' These examples give you a good idea of how to organize your own writing so that you are able to demonstrate your knowledge of the topic you are working on.Keep in mind that an essay cause and effect sample can be just as useful in a written assignment as it is in a research paper. If you study for an essay at the end of a course, it is helpful to take a few minutes and write down the things that you are learning so that you can evaluate what you have learned and move forward. For instance, if you can say something about the role of the environment in bringing about the outcome of a particular decision, then you may be able to determine the cause of a particular s ituation or event by the way it has been planned or arranged.An essay cause and effect sample can really be useful in a thesis, if you know where to look for it. If you plan to write an essay as part of your senior thesis, make sure that you take the time to examine the content in the context of your academic studies. Remember that you should base your essay on important research and knowledge that you have gained, rather than just an arbitrary decision you made.Writing is the best way to express yourself. With a little help from an essay cause and effect sample, you can develop a strong understanding of why you believe what you believe, and what effects your ideas can have.

Biography of Darius the Great, Persian King

Biography of Darius the Great, Persian King Darius the Great (550 BCE–486 BCE) was the fourth  Persian king  of the  Achaemenid Empire. He ruled the empire at its height, when its lands included much of  West Asia, the  Caucasus, as well as parts of the  Balkans, Black Sea  coastal regions, North Caucasus,  and Central Asia. Under Darius rule, the kingdom stretched to the  Indus Valley  in the far east and portions of north and northeast Africa including  Egypt, Libya,  and Sudan. Fast Facts: Darius the Great Known For: Persian king  at the height of the  Achaemenid EmpireAlso Known As: Darius I, DarayavauÃ… ¡, DariamauiÃ… ¡, DariiamuÃ… ¡, DrywhwÃ… ¡Born: 550 BCEParents:  Hystaspes,  RhodoguneDied:  486 BCE  in IranChildren: Darius had at least 18 childrenSpouses:  Parmys,  Phaidime,  Atossa,  Artystone,  PhratagoneNotable Quote: Force is always beside the point when subtlety will serve. Early Life Darius was born in 550 BCE His father was Hystaspes and his grandfather was Arsames, both of whom were Achaemenids. In ascending the throne, Darius noted in his own autobiography that he traced his lineage to Achaemenes. From long ago, said Darius, We are princely, from long ago our family was royal. Eight of my family were formerly kings, I am the ninth; nine are we in two lines. That was a bit of propaganda: Darius achieved his rule of the Achmaenids chiefly by overcoming his opponent and rival for the throne Gaumata. Dariuss first wife was a daughter of his good friend Gobryas, although we dont know her name. His other wives included Atossa and Artystone, both daughters of Cyrus; Parmys, the daughter of Cyruss brother Bardiya; and the noblewomen Phratagune and Phaidon. Darius had at least 18 children. Accession of Darius Darius ascended to the Achmaenid throne at the tender age of 28, despite the fact that his father and grandfather were still alive. His predecessor was Cambyses, the son of Cyrus the Great and Cassandane, who ruled the Achaemenid empire between 530 and 522 BCE Cambyses died from natural causes, but he left his throne in dispute. By right, Cambyses heir should have been his brother Bardiya- Darius claimed Bardiya had been slain by Cambyses, but somebody showed up claiming he was the missing brother and heir to the throne. According to Dariuss version of events, the imposter Gaumata arrived after Cambyses death and claimed the vacated throne. Darius slew Gautama, thereby restoring the rule to the family. Darius was not a close relative of the family so it was important for him to legitimize his rule by claiming descent from an ancestor of Cyrus. This and details of Darius violent treatment of Gautama and the rebels are inscribed on a large relief at Bisitun (Behistun), in three different languages: Old Persian, Elamite, and Akkadian. Carved into a cliff face 300 feet above the Royal Road of the Achaemenids, the text was not legible to the passersby, although the images of Gautama being subjected certainly were. Darius saw that the cuneiform text was widely circulated throughout the Persian Empire. In the Behistun Inscription, Darius explains why he has the right to rule. He says he has the Zoroastrian god Ahura Mazda on his side. He claims royal blood lineage through four generations to the eponymous Achaemenes, the father of Teispes, who was the great-grandfather of Cyrus. Darius says his own father was Hystaspes, whose father was Arsanes, whose father was Ariamnes, a son of this Teispes. Notable Accomplishments Darius expanded the Persian empire from the Sakas beyond Sogdiana to the Kush, and from Sind to Sardis. He also refined and expanded the Persian satrapy form of administrative rule, dividing his empire into 20 pieces and providing each piece an authority (generally a relative) to rule over them, and placing additional security measures to reduce revolt. Darius moved the Persian capital from Pasagardae to Persepolis, where he had built a palace and a treasury, where the enormous wealth of the Persian empire would be safely stored for 200 years, only to be looted by Alexander the Great in 330 BCE. He constructed the Royal Road of the Achaemenids from Susa to Sardis, connecting the far-flung satrapies and building staffed way stations so no one had to ride more than a day to deliver the post. Additionally, Darius: Completed the first version of the Suez Canal, leading from the Nile to the Red Sea;Was renowned for innovations in water control, including an extensive set of irrigation canals and wells known as qanats throughout his empire;Was known as a law-giver when serving as the king of Egypt during the Late Period. Death and Legacy Darius died in 486 BCE following an illness at about the age of 64. His coffin was buried at Naqsh-e Rostam. On his tomb is inscribed a memorial, in cuneiform script in Old Persian and Akkadian, stating what Darius wanted people to say about himself and his relationship with Ahura Mazda. It also lists the people over whom he claimed power: Media, Elam, Parthia, Aria, Bactria, Sogdia, Chorasmia, Drangiana, Arachosia, Sattagydia, Gandara, India, the haoma-drinking Scythians, the Scythians with pointed caps, Babylonia, Assyria, Arabia, Egypt, Armenia, Cappadocia, Lydia, the Greeks, the Scythians across the sea, Thrace, the sun hat-wearing Greeks, the Libyans, the Nubians, the men of Maka and the Carians. Dariuss successor was not his first born, but rather Xerxes, the oldest son of his first wife, Atossa, making Xerxes a grandson of Cyrus the Great. Both Darius and his son Xerxes participated in the Greco-Persian or Persian Wars. The last king of the Achaemenid Dynasty was Darius III, who ruled from 336–330 BCE Darius III was a descendant of Darius II (ruled 423-405 BCE), who was a descendant of King Darius I. Sources Cahill, Nicholas. The Treasury at Persepolis: Gift-Giving at the City of the Persians. American Journal of Archaeology 89.3 (1985): 373–89. Print.Colburn, Henry P. Connectivity and Communication in the Achaemenid Empire. Journal of the Economic and Social History of the Orient 56.1 (2013): 29–52. Print.Daryaee, Touraj. The Construction of the Past in Late Antique Persia. Historia: Zeitschrift fà ¼r Alte Geschichte 55.4 (2006): 493–503. Print.Magee, Peter, et al. The Achaemenid Empire in South Asia and Recent Excavations at Akra in Northwest Pakistan. American Journal of Archaeology 109.4 (2005): 711–41. Print.Olmstead, A. T. Darius and His Behistun Inscription. The American Journal of Semitic Languages and Literatures 55.4 (1938): 392–416. Print.

How to Melt Aluminum Cans at Home

How to Melt Aluminum Cans at Home Aluminum is a common and useful metal, known for its corrosion resistance, malleability, and for being lightweight. Its safe enough to be used around food and in contact with skin. Its much easier to recycle this metal than it is to purify it from ores. You can melt old aluminum cans to get molten aluminum. Pour the metal into a suitable mold to make jewelry, cookware, ornaments, sculptures, or for another metalworking project. Its a great introduction to home recycling. Key Takeaways: Melt Aluminum Cans Aluminum is an abundant and versatile metal that is easily recycled.The melting point of aluminum is low enough that it can be melted with a hand-held torch. However, the project goes more quickly using a furnace or kiln.Recycled aluminum can be used to make sculptures, containers, and jewelry. Materials for Melting Aluminum Cans Melting cans is not complicated, but its an adult-only project because high temperatures are involved. Youll want to work in a clean, well-ventilated area. Its not necessary to clean the cans before melting them since organic matter (plastic coating, leftover soda, etc.) will burn off during the process. Aluminum cansSmall furnace of the electric kiln (or another heat source that reaches the appropriate temperature, such as a propane torch)Steel crucible (or other metal with a melting point much higher than aluminum, yet lower than your furnace- could be a sturdy stainless steel bowl or a cast iron skillet)Heat-resistant glovesMetal tongsMolds into which youll pour the aluminum (steel, iron, etc.- be creative) Melting the Aluminum The first step youll want to take is to crush the cans so that you can load as many as possible into the crucible. Youll get about 1 pound of aluminum for every 40 cans. Load your cans into the container youre using as a crucible and place the crucible inside the kiln. Close the lid.Fire up the kiln or furnace to 1220 °F. This is the melting point of aluminum (660.32  °C, 1220.58  °F), but below the melting point of steel. The aluminum will melt almost immediately once it reaches this temperature. Allow half a minute or so at this temperature to assure the aluminum is molten.Put on safety glasses and heat-resistant gloves. You should be wearing a long-sleeve shirt, long pants, and covered toe shoes when working with extremely hot (or cold) materials.Open the kiln. Use tongs to slowly and carefully remove the crucible. Do not place your hand inside the kiln! Its a good idea to line the path from the kiln to the mold with a metal pan or foil, to aid in clean-up of spills.Pour the liquid aluminum into the mold. It will take about 15 minutes for the aluminum to solidify on its own. If desired, you can place the mold in a bucket of cold water after a few minutes. If you do this, use caution, since steam will be produced. There may be some leftover material in your crucible. You can knock the dregs out of the crucible by slapping it upside down onto a hard surface, such as concrete. You can use the same process to knock the aluminum out of the molds. If you have trouble, change the temperature of the mold. The aluminum and mold (which is a different meta) will have a different coefficient of expansion, which you can use to your advantage when freeing one metal from another.Remember to turn off your kiln or furnace when youre done. Recycling doesnt make much sense if youre wasting energy, right? Did You Know? Re-melting aluminum to recycle it is far less expensive and uses less energy than producing new aluminum from the electrolysis of aluminum oxide (Al2O3). Recycling uses about 5% of the energy needed to make the metal from its raw ore. About 36% of aluminum in the United States comes from recycled metal. Brazil leads the world in aluminum recycling. The country recycles 98.2% of its aluminum cans. Sources Morris, J. (2005). Comparative LCAs for curbside recycling versus either landfilling or incineration with energy recovery.  The International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment, 10(4), 273–284.Oskamp, S. (1995). Resource conservation and recycling: Behavior and policy. Journal of Social Issues. 51 (4): 157–177. doi:10.1111/j.1540-4560.1995.tb01353.xSchlesinger, Mark (2006). Aluminum Recycling. CRC Press. p. 248. ISBN 978-0-8493-9662-5.